Saturday, July 18, 2009

Luther: Noblemen, townsmen, peasants, all classes understand the Evangelium better than I or St. Paul

Over on the Catholic Answers boards, a person asked for information about a few Luther quotes:

Does anyone know what the original date and source for these quotes by Martin Luther? I see them quoted often in books and on line, but haven't reference seen the original source materials (i.e., one of his letters, books, speeches or sermons). Thanks in advance!

Quote:
"This one will not hear of Baptism, and that one denies the sacrament, another puts a world between this and the last day: some teach that Christ is not God, some say this, some say that: there are as many sects and creeds as there are heads. No yokel is so rude but when he has dreams and fancies, he thinks himself inspired by the Holy Ghost and must be a prophet"(citation: De Wette III, 61. quoted in O'Hare, The Facts About Luther, 208.)

"Noblemen, townsmen, peasants, all classes understand the Evangelium better than I or St. Paul; they are now wise and think themselves more learned than all the ministers." (citation: Walch XIV, 1360. quoted in O'Hare, Ibid, 209.)


As to the first quote, The source is to the Christians at Antwerp April, 1525. I took a look at a while back here: Luther: "There are almost as many sects and beliefs as there are heads...".

The second quote is a bit more obscure. O'Hare cites it here. First, for information about Walch's version of Luther's works (cited by Father O'Hare), see this link, page 239.

The quote is: "Die Bauern und der Adel kennen das Evangelium besser denn St. Paul und Dr. Martin Luther, sie sind klug nnd dunken eieh heuser denn alle ihre Pfarrherrn."

Some translations are as follows:

"Peasants and nobles know the Gospel better than St . Paul or D. M. Luther; they are wise and they think themselves better than all their clergy." [source]

"He once said, " Nobles, citizens, peasants, I might add almost all men, think they know the Gospel better than Dr. Luther or St. Paul himself; and look down on pastors, rather on the Lord and Master of pastors. . . . The nobles seek to govern, and yet know not how. The pope knows how to govern, and does govern. The least papist is more capable of governing than—I cry them mercy—ten of our court nobles."[
source]

"On one occasion he said, " Nobles, citizens, peasants, everybody, anybody, knows the gospel better than Dr. Luther, or even St. Paul himself. They all despise the pastors of God, or rather, the God and master of pastors."2' Tischreden, 5[
source]

" Our nobles, citizens, peasants, nay, every man, believe That they understand the Scripture much better than Dr. Luther, or than St. Paul himself! They despise their teachers, or, rather, the Lord, who is the teacher of all."[
source]

"Now everybody, anybody, knows the Gospel better than Dr. Luther, or even St. Paul himself. Nobles, citizens, peasants, despise the pastors of God, or rather the God and Master of pastors." "[
source]

"Peasants and noblemen know the Evangelium better than St. Paul and Dr. Martin Luther, they are clever and think themselves better than their pastors"[
source]

The Source
The quote appears to be from D. Martin Luthers Brophezeiung mach dem Ubfcheiden des Churfurften Johannes August 1532. I'm fairly sure that even though the page numbers are different than the version used by Father O'Hare, it's the same source (note in the upper corner to the left of page 789 it says "Walch XIV, 1360").

The Context?
It looks like a list of prophetical utterances, possibly even a Tabletalk (see the footnote at the bottom of page 789). I don't know German, so I can only speculate a bit. Previous to the quote, Luther says something like, "Denmark will now be punished, including Venice, the Frankish nobility also been punished." The punishment appears to be for the people despising any authorities who have knowledge of the scriptures.

The beginning of the document is about Luther's concerns for the newly in charge John Frederick over Electoral Saxony. It is easily documented that Luther had serious concerns for the church and political front when John Frederick came to power. During these months of 1532, Luther was very concerned for the state of the church, and expressed this to John Frederick. Pastors were being treated poorly (including financially). The nobles as well as the peasants showed little respect for the pastors. Luther interpreted this lack of respect as an evidence for the last days. The gospel would be attacked on all fronts. The gospel will be abused and attacked, and then end will come. A remnant though, faithful to the gospel will be saved. The document, as far as I can ascertain reflects these concerns. The people treating pastor's poorly was simply another sign of the immanent end of the world.

The Polemical Arena
If you do an Internet search on the use of this quote, you'll note it's polemically used to describe the devastating results of sola scriptura. O'Hare uses it to prove, "...Luther himself testifies to the utter failure of the cardinal principle of his so-called Reformation." What O'Hare fails to do though, is interpret Luther's understanding of the Gospel and sola scriptura in his eschatological framework. O'Connor uses the quote as an example of people having "contempt for the word of God"-

Every reasonable person will agree with me, that Luther can only have been a Reformer chosen by Almighty God, if his teaching caused an increase of virtue and a decrease of vice. If, however, it can be plainly shown, that in consequence of his teaching there was, on the contrary, an increase of vice and a decrease of virtue, we must come to the conclusion, that Luther had not the sanction of God for the worlc which he undertook.

Now, under different headings, I quote forty-five passages from his writings, all of which disclose a sad state of morality among the followers of the new Gospel; but in no less than fifteen of these passages, Luther tells us in plain words that people have become worse than they formerly were under the Pope. It is to these passages that I wish to direct the special attention of the careful reader.


Again though, such a line of argumentation caricatures Luther's theology. Luther often expected the gospel to have a devastating effect on society. He was not a postmillenialist. One could likewise apply the same argumentation to Rome's preaching of her "gospel," and likewise come up with negative "moral results."

If someone wants to translate it a bit for me, that would be great. I don't trust the online automatic translators. It's a short document. If it actually says anything more than what I've described above, I'd be amazed.

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